Moscow, Europe's largest metropolis In 2012, predating Putin's re-election as Russia's president, the internationally renowned Rotterdam-based design studio OMA received an invitation from Moscow city authorities to participate in a design competition involving ten companies. The objective was to influence the spatial development of Greater Moscow. OMA's vision championed a multipolar approach to expanding Europe's largest metropolis, seeking to shift away from the hyper-centralised model that had long defined Moscow.
